The total population of Estonia on 1 January 2016 stood at 1,315,100. Its population grew by 2,700 in 2015.
As of 1 January 2016, the core Jewish population of Estonia was estimated to be 2000 (0.15% of the wider population), and the enlarged Jewish population was estimated at 3,400 (0.26% of the wider population).
The core Jewish population was estimated to be 3,500 in 1990 (0.22% of the wider population), and has therefore declined by approximately 40% over 25 years during which the wider population declined by approximately 18%.
Between 1990 and 2015, 1,877 Estonians emigrated to Israel.
An estimated 4,500 Estonians qualify for Israeli citizenship under the Law of Return.